October 12th is one of the most significant dates in Colombia 's cultural and historical calendar. For many years, it was commemorated as the Day of the Race , in reference to the meeting between Europe and America following the arrival of Christopher Columbus in 1492. However, it has now been redefined as the Day of Ethnic and Cultural Diversity of the Colombian Nation , in order to recognize the plurality of peoples, roots, and traditions that are part of the country's identity.
In Colombia, October 12 is also a national holiday , meaning it is moved to the nearest Monday according to the Emiliani Law, which regulates most holidays in the country.
History of October 12 in Colombia
The celebration has its origins in 1914, when several Latin American countries began to commemorate the Meeting of Two Worlds that occurred in 1492. For decades it was known as Columbus Day , celebrating the cultural mix between Europeans, indigenous peoples, and people of African descent.
However, over time, this commemoration generated debate due to the way it rendered invisible the processes of conquest and colonization. For this reason, Colombia adopted a more inclusive vision, transforming the date into the Day of Ethnic and Cultural Diversity , recognizing the richness of the Indigenous, Afro-Colombian, Raizal, Palenquera, and mestizo communities that make up the nation.
Why is October 12 a holiday in Colombia?
October 12th is a public holiday in Colombia because it is included in the official list of national holidays. According to the Emiliani Law (Law 51 of 1983) , this date is moved to the nearest Monday to encourage long weekends and domestic tourism.
This means that, depending on the year, the commemoration may be held on October 12th itself or on the following Monday, allowing families a long weekend to travel or participate in cultural activities.
You can find more information about upcoming holidays in our article on the 2026 Colombia Holiday Calendar .
Cultural significance of October 12 in Colombia
Today, this date is understood as a time to reflect on:
The cultural wealth of Colombia as a multiethnic and multicultural nation.
The recognition of indigenous and Afro-descendant peoples.
The value of diversity in building a more just and inclusive society.
The need to remember the historical processes of colonization and their impact on national identity.
Many schools and colleges across the country host educational activities such as forums, cultural events, traditional dances, and exhibitions about the indigenous peoples of Colombia.
Differences with other Latin American countries
Although October 12 is celebrated almost everywhere on the continent, each country has a different approach:
Mexico: Columbus Day.
Chile: Day of the Meeting of Two Worlds.
Argentina: Day of Respect for Cultural Diversity.
Venezuela: Day of Indigenous Resistance.
Spain: National Holiday and Hispanic Heritage Day.
Colombia is among the nations seeking inclusive recognition, highlighting the multiethnic and multicultural nature enshrined in the 1991 Constitution.
Activities and plans for the long weekend of October 12th
Since it's a holiday, many Colombians take advantage of it to:
Travel to tourist destinations within the country.
Participate in regional fairs or patron saint festivals.
Enjoy cultural activities related to diversity.
Get together with family and relax during the long weekend.
If you're looking for ideas, you can read more in our article on The Best Destinations for Long Weekends in Colombia .
Importance of October 12th today
More than just a holiday, October 12th in Colombia invites us to reflect on our history and the value of the cultures that make up the country. This date not only recalls the past but also promotes the construction of a more conscious society, proud of its diversity and respectful of its roots.
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Location at the top of the article
Description: Group of Colombian children dressed in traditional indigenous and Afro-descendant costumes celebrating at a school.
Alt text: October 12 in Colombia, Day of Ethnic and Cultural Diversity
Location in the activities and plans section
Description: Colombian families enjoying a tourist trip during a long weekend in October.
Alt text: October 12th in Colombia: Holiday and Tourist Activities