World Down Syndrome Day

World Down Syndrome Day is a date that is celebrated globally every year on March 21. This commemoration aims to raise awareness in society about people living with Down syndrome, promoting inclusion, respect and equal opportunities for all people, regardless of their genetic condition.

The Origin of World Down Syndrome Day

World Down Syndrome Day was established in 2006 by the United Nations General Assembly, which designated March 21 as the official day of this celebration. Why March 21? The choice of this date was not random, as it has an important symbolic meaning. The number 21 represents the triplication of chromosome 21, which is the cause of Down syndrome. Normally, people have two copies of chromosome 21, but in the case of those with Down syndrome, there is a partial or complete third copy of this chromosome.

The choice of this date symbolizes the importance of recognizing and celebrating diversity in our communities. By establishing World Down Syndrome Day on March 21, it is highlighted that difference should not be a reason for exclusion or discrimination, but rather a reason to celebrate the uniqueness and richness that people with Down syndrome bring to society.

What is Down syndrome?

Down syndrome is a genetic condition that affects a person's physical and cognitive development. It is one of the most common chromosomal abnormalities, occurring in approximately 1 in 700 births worldwide. The main cause of Down syndrome is the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21, known as trisomy 21. This extra chromosome affects the development of the body and brain of people with Down syndrome, leading to certain physical characteristics and intellectual disabilities. Some of the most common physical characteristics associated with Down syndrome include:

• Almond-shaped eyes with epicanthic folds.
• Small and peculiarly shaped ears.
• Small mouth and larger tongue than usual.
• Short and wide neck.
• Shorter and thicker fingers and toes.
• Excessive flexibility in the joints.

On a cognitive level, people with Down syndrome can have a wide range of abilities and disabilities. They often have a delay in intellectual development, but many of them can learn, develop and carry out meaningful activities with the right support. Each individual with Down syndrome is unique and has their own strengths and challenges.

Advances in Health Care

Over the past few decades, there have been significant advances in the medical care of people with Down syndrome. These advances have improved the quality of life and life expectancy of people with this condition. Some of the key aspects of medical care include:

Prenatal diagnosis:
Nowadays, it is possible to detect Down syndrome during pregnancy through prenatal diagnostic tests, such as amniocentesis or chorion biopsy. This gives parents the opportunity to receive information and support before the birth of their child, which can be helpful for medical and emotional planning.

Surgeries and treatments:
People with Down syndrome may require surgeries and medical treatments to address specific health problems, such as congenital heart defects or thyroid problems. Advances in pediatric surgery and the management of medical conditions have improved the quality of life and life expectancy of people with Down syndrome.

Early care and therapies:
Early attention is essential in the development of children with Down syndrome. Therapies such as physical therapy, occupational therapy, and speech therapy can help children develop their motor and communication skills. The sooner the intervention is started, the better the results will be.

Inclusion in education:
In many countries, the inclusion of children with Down syndrome in regular educational settings is promoted. This gives children the opportunity to learn alongside their able-bodied peers and develop social and academic skills.

Promoting Social and Labor Inclusion

The social and labor inclusion of people with Down syndrome is a fundamental aspect for their development and well-being. Society has made significant progress in promoting the inclusion of people with Down syndrome in various areas of life. Some of the highlights include:

Inclusive education:
Inclusive education is a practice that promotes children with Down syndrome and other disabilities to be educated in regular settings alongside their peers without disabilities. This encourages equal opportunities and the development of friendships and social skills.

Employment:
More and more companies are recognizing the value of diversity in the workplace and are hiring people with Down syndrome. These individuals bring a unique perspective and valuable skills to their employers. Workplace inclusion not only benefits people with Down syndrome, but also enriches organizations.

Independent life:
With the right support, many people with Down syndrome can lead independent lives. This may include living on your own, working, traveling, and participating in the community autonomously.

Community involvement:
Participation in community activities is essential to the well-being of all people, including those with Down syndrome. This may include sports, artistic, cultural activities or volunteering. The community benefits from the contribution of all its people.

The Positive Contributions of People with Down Syndrome
Importantly, people with Down syndrome make significant contributions to society in many ways. They are often characterized by their kindness, their sincerity and their ability to brighten the day of those around them. Some of the areas where people with Down syndrome have made their mark include:

Arts and entertainment:
Numerous individuals with Down syndrome have demonstrated talent in areas such as music, acting, and painting. They have participated in films, television shows and artistic presentations, proving that creativity and art know no barriers.

Sports:
People with Down syndrome have also participated in high-level sports. They have demonstrated their ability in disciplines such as athletics, swimming and basketball. These achievements are a reminder that effort and dedication can overcome obstacles.

Rights defenders:
Many people with Down syndrome and their families are active advocates for disability rights. They have worked tirelessly to promote inclusion, access to education and employment, and equal opportunities.

On this special day, let us remember that the true wealth of a society is measured by its ability to welcome and value all its people, regardless of their genetic condition. World Down Syndrome Day encourages us to continue working together to build a more inclusive world, where every individual has the opportunity to shine and contribute to the community in their own unique and special way.